PREECLAMPSIA: CHALLENGES AND ADVANCES. A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Aim. To analyze publications in scientific literature about risk assessment, early diagnosis and preventative measures of preeclampsia. Methods. The search for literature review articles was performed in the PubMed database. The following key words were used: "Biomarkers", "Maternal factors", "Prediction", "Preeclampsia", "Prevention" and their combinations. 15 full-text publications in English published in 2014-2024 were selected and included. Results. Preeclampsia continues to be a dangerous pathology for the mother and fetus, the most effective treatment of which is delivery. Identification of risk groups and early diagnosis of preeclampsia is very important. The most advanced diagnostic model currently used for this disease includes not only medical history of  the mother, but also four significant biophysical indicators. The balance of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The sFlt-1/PIGF test is a valuable tool in the process of diagnosing and predicting the course of preeclampsia, as well as allowing the application of effective preventive measures, such as prophylaxis with low-dose aspirin. The approval of the usage of sFLT-1/PIGF ratio in Lithuania is an important step towards better care of pregnant women and more successful pregnancy outcomes.