CONTACT ALLERGY TO ACRYLATES AND ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS

Abstract

Acrylates are widely used in medicine, dentistry, and cosmetology; therefore, over the past decade, we have observed an increasing number of cases of contact allergy to acrylates and allergic contact dermatitis. This article provides information on the acrylates most commonly causing sensitization, the prevalence of sensitization, risk factors, features of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and the principles of diagnosis and treatment. Sensitization most frequently occurs to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and, not infrequently, due to cross-reactions, to other acrylates. In cases of contact allergy to acrylates, the highest risk of allergic disease is faced by dentists, members of their teams, and patients, as well as individuals exposed to chemical substances in medical devices and nail care professionals. The mechanism of acrylate-induced allergic contact dermatitis corresponds to a type IV hypersensitivity reaction; therefore, in cases of contact dermatitis of the hands or other sites, or stomatitis and onychodystrophy, patch tests help establish the diagnosis. Accurate identification of the allergen and its avoidance is the cornerstone of successful treatment