RISKS AND BENEFITS OF HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE AFTER STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION. A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Primary ovarian insufficiency will develop between 8% and 10% of all childhood cancer survivors during their lifetime, and stem cell transplantation is the main risk factor. The chemotherapy and radiotherapy required to prepare patients for stem cell transplantation have a gonadotoxic effect on ovarian cells, leading to chronic hypoestrogenism. To achieve physiological levels of oestradiol in the body, hormone replacement therapy is recommended for these patients to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and to alleviate menopausal symptoms. The combined oral contraceptive pills, although often preferred by women of reproductive age, are not recommended as a first-line treatment option.